Table of Contents
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- 101.1 Purpose
- 101.2 Limitations of the Design Manual
- 101.3 Policy
- 101.4 Applicable Design Specifications and Standards
- 101.4.1 Design Specification Reference Nomenclature
- 101.4.2 Design Specifications
- 101.4.3 AASHTO Interim Specifications and New Editions
- 101.4.4 Deviations from Specifications
- 101.4.5 Order of Precedence
- 101.4.6 Modifications to the Design Manual
- 101.4.7 Additional Reference Manuals and Documents
- 101.5 Terms
- 101.5.1 Bridge Types
- 101.5.2 Roadway Types
- 101.5.2.1 Functional Classification
- 101.5.2.2 National Highway System
- 101.5.3 Project Types
- 101.6 FHWA Stewardship and Oversight Agreement
- 101.7 Computer Software
- 101.8 Feedback
- 101.9 References
Section 102 Bridge Design Submission Requirements
- 102.1 Plan Presentation
- 102.1.1 Drafting Standards
- 102.1.2 Plan Sheet Sequence
- 102.1.3 Bridge Sheet Preparation
- 102.1.3.1 General and Project Notes
- 102.1.3.2 Bridge Plan and Elevation
- 102.1.3.3 Lay-Out Plan
- 102.1.3.4 Other Plans
- 102.1.4 Bridge Number
- 102.2 Special Provisions Development
- 102.3 Quantities and Cost Estimates
- 102.4 Construction Schedule
- 102.5 Bridge Design Procedures
- 102.5.1 Quality Assurance and Quality Control
- 102.5.2 Designed-In Value
- 102.5.2.1 Alternatives Analysis
- 102.5.2.2 Life-Cycle Cost Analyses
- 102.5.3 Documentation of Design
- 102.5.4 Design Exceptions and Design Variances
- 102.5.5 Chronology of Submissions
- 102.6 Preliminary Design
- 102.6.1 Hydrologic and Hydraulic Report
- 102.6.2 Scour Evaluation Report
- 102.6.3 Foundation Reports
- 102.6.4 Conceptual Type, Size, and Location Plans
- 102.6.5 Type, Size, and Location Submission
- 102.6.5.1 Type, Size, and Location Submission Requirements
- 102.7 Preliminary Construction Plans
- 102.8 Semi-Final Construction Plans
- 102.9 Final Construction Plans
- 102.10 Plans, Specifications, and Estimate
- 102.11 Bid-Cycle Requirements
- 102.11.1 Addenda
- 102.11.2 Bid Opening and Bid Review
- 102.12 References
Section 103 Bridge Geometry and Structure Type Selection
- 103.1 Introduction
- 103.2 Terms
- 103.3 Bridge Geometric Design Requirements
- 103.3.1 Bridge Length
- 103.3.2 Minimum Width of Bridges
- 103.3.2.1 Shoulder Width Requirements for Deck Drainage
- 103.3.2.2 Sidewalks
- 103.3.2.3 Bicycle and Shared Use Facilities
- 103.3.2.4 Superelevation
- 103.3.3 Protection for Median Gap of Parallel Structures
- 103.3.4 Horizontal Clearance and Pier Protection
- 103.3.4.1 Over Rivers, Streams, Wetlands, and Floodplains
- 103.3.4.2 Over Roadways / Grade Crossings
- 103.3.4.3 Over Railroads
- 103.3.5 Vertical Clearance
- 103.3.5.1 Over Rivers, Streams, Wetlands, Floodplains
- 103.3.5.2 Over Roadways / Grade Crossings
- 103.3.5.3 Over Railroads
- 103.3.6 Bridge Skew
- 103.3.7 Approach Slabs
- 103.4 Structure Type Selection
- 103.4.1 Bridge Types
- 103.4.1.1 Structural Steel
- 103.4.1.2 Concrete Bridges
- 103.4.1.3 Timber Bridges
- 103.4.1.4 Culverts
- 103.4.2 Selection of Superstructure Type
- 103.4.2.1 Spans less than 20 feet
- 103.4.2.2 Spans from 20 feet to 30 feet
- 103.4.2.3 Spans from 30 feet to 90 feet
- 103.4.2.4 Spans from 90 feet to 165 feet
- 103.4.2.5 Spans greater than 165 feet
- 103.4.1 Bridge Types
- 103.5 Construction
- 103.5.1 Future Re-decking Considerations
- 103.5.2 Consideration for Future Widening
- 103.5.3 Hauling Permits
- 103.5.4 Maintenance of Traffic
- 103.5.5 Inspectability
- 103.6 Substructure Type Selection
- 103.6.1 General Considerations
- 103.6.2 Abutments and Wingwalls
- 103.6.3 Piers
- 103.7 Retaining Walls
- 103.7.1 Wall Types
- 103.7.1.1 Post and Plank Walls
- 103.7.1.2 Sheet Pile Walls
- 103.7.1.3 Reinforced Concrete Walls
- 103.7.1.4 Anchored Walls
- 103.7.1.5 Proprietary Retaining Walls
- 103.7.1 Wall Types
- 103.8 Bridge Rehabilitation versus Replacement Selection Guidelines
- 103.8.1 Cost
- 103.8.2 Safety
- 103.8.3 Bridge Type
- 103.8.4 Bridge Standards
- 103.8.5 Feature Crossed
- 103.8.6 Comprehensive Assessment of Rehabilitation versus Replacement
- 103.9 Accelerated Bridge Construction
- 103.9.1 Decision-Making/Planning Process
- 103.9.1.1 ABC Rating Score
- 103.9.1.2 FHWA Decision Flowcharts / ABC AHP Software Tool
- 103.9.1.3 Emergency Projects
- 103.9.1.4 Repair and Rehabilitation Projects
- 103.9.2 ABC Methods/Techniques
- 103.9.2.1 Foundation and Wall Elements
- 103.9.2.2 Rapid Embankment Construction
- 103.9.2.3 Prefabricated Bridge Elements and Systems
- 103.9.2.4 Structural Placement Methods
- 103.9.2.5 Fast-Track Contracting
- 103.9.1 Decision-Making/Planning Process
- 103.10 Requirements for the Design of Highway Bridges over Railroads
- 103.11 References